Five Familiar Science Myths: Correct the Claim Without Creating a New Oversimplification

The archive advertises six misconceptions but its surviving list centers on five themes: lightning, the Moon, brain use, alcohol and shaving. This edition keeps those subjects while avoiding the trap of replacing a false slogan with an equally broad opposite. A useful correction identifies what the claim means, what evidence addresses it and where a simplified answer still needs context.

Lightning can strike the same place repeatedly

The National Weather Service explicitly rejects the idea that a previously struck location is protected. Do not choose shelter based on that myth. Use current official lightning-safety guidance, including seeking a suitable substantial building or hard-topped vehicle when appropriate. A memorable saying is not a risk assessment, and a place being dry or outside the heaviest rain does not establish safety during a thunderstorm.

The far side of the Moon is not permanently dark

NASA explains that the Moon has changing day and night conditions. The far side is the side generally turned away from Earth, not a hemisphere that never receives sunlight. Phase and viewing geometry are different concepts. A phrase can survive in popular culture while being misleading as a scientific description. Identify whether dark is being used metaphorically or as a literal claim about illumination.